{"id":22240,"date":"2022-06-15T14:15:11","date_gmt":"2022-06-15T18:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/?post_type=dan_alert_diver&p=22240"},"modified":"2023-02-08T17:40:15","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T22:40:15","slug":"oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series-3","status":"publish","type":"dan_alert_diver","link":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/alert-diver\/article\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\/","title":{"rendered":"Limpieza del equipo de buceo para el uso de ox\u00edgeno: una serie de dos partes"},"content":{"rendered":"
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LOS INCENDIOS EN EQUIPOS DE OX\u00cdGENO COMPRIMIDO<\/span><\/strong> son poco frecuentes, aunque o\u00edmos historias sobre accidentes que ponen en riesgo la vida \u2014fuego en un rebreather, un accidente con un regulador de ox\u00edgeno para emergencias o un incendio en un sistema de mezcla de gases\u2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se plantean varias cuestiones clave: \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 las situaciones con niveles de ox\u00edgeno altos y manos o bancos de trabajo sucios no siempre terminan en un incendio? \u00bfQu\u00e9 cantidad de ox\u00edgeno es suficiente en una mezcla respiratoria para elevar el riesgo de incendio?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La respuesta a la primera pregunta radica en el t\u00e9rmino estad\u00edstico probabil\u00edstico. A veces los materiales en el ox\u00edgeno al 100 por ciento a 2.000 psi y a 204 \u00b0C (400 \u00b0F) se enciendan espont\u00e1neamente. A veces no lo hacen. Si hay un motivo para esto, probablemente est\u00e9 m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de lo que los cient\u00edficos incluso m\u00e1s calificados pueden explicar plenamente. Pero debemos pecar de precavidos. Ning\u00fan incendio por ox\u00edgeno es aceptable, y a menudo el resultado de ello son lesiones graves o fatalidades.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"inspecci\u00f3n
Foto: Stephen Frink <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

La cantidad de mol\u00e9culas de ox\u00edgeno en un cilindro de buceo lleno de aire a 3.000 psi es 207 veces m\u00e1s que lo que encontramos en la atm\u00f3sfera. Existen otros factores, pero incluso un cilindro de buceo cargado podr\u00eda ser considerado enriquecido con ox\u00edgeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los incendios en nuestros sistemas de aire son sumamente inusuales. Dejando de lado las fuentes de ignici\u00f3n y los materiales inflamables, concentr\u00e9monos en las situaciones donde la cantidad de ox\u00edgeno aumenta el riesgo de incendio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muchos c\u00f3digos, normas, especificaciones, pautas y pr\u00e1cticas de la industria proporcionan diferentes definiciones de mezcla respiratoria enriquecida con ox\u00edgeno. O\u00edmos declaraciones que afirman que el Nitrox al 40 por ciento no requiere equipos que se hayan limpiado para el uso de ox\u00edgeno. \u00bfC\u00f3mo sabemos cu\u00e1l es el nivel seguro y aceptable con toda esta informaci\u00f3n contradictoria?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Tabla 1 resume referencias que especifican cu\u00e1ndo el gas est\u00e1 enriquecido con ox\u00edgeno. De manera realista, podr\u00edamos marcar el l\u00edmite a no m\u00e1s del 25 por ciento, pero es importante preguntar d\u00f3nde se analiz\u00f3 el nivel, la presi\u00f3n m\u00e1xima prevista y c\u00f3mo el ox\u00edgeno supera el 21 por ciento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La investigaci\u00f3n de la Marina en las d\u00e9cadas de 1960 y 1970 incluy\u00f3 estudios de incendios con diversos niveles de enriquecimiento con ox\u00edgeno, mezclas respiratorias y presiones ambientales. Los resultados demostraron que a medida que la presi\u00f3n sube, la velocidad de combusti\u00f3n de los materiales se incrementa r\u00e1pidamente con concentraciones de ox\u00edgeno en aumento. Por encima del 25 por ciento, la velocidad de combusti\u00f3n aumenta r\u00e1pidamente. Con ox\u00edgeno al 40 por ciento y 90 psi, la velocidad de combusti\u00f3n es 50 por ciento mayor que con el ox\u00edgeno al 21 por ciento en el aire normal. A presiones m\u00e1s altas, el 40 por ciento r\u00e1pidamente se convierte en una bola de fuego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para aplicaciones con presiones m\u00e1s bajas, como en los umbilicales de buceo comerciales, los niveles de ox\u00edgeno podr\u00edan ser superiores al 25 por ciento. A los 3.000 psi de un cilindro de buceo, no se sabe qu\u00e9 puede suceder. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La norma de la Sociedad Americana para Pruebas y Materiales (American Society for Testing and Materials) para la selecci\u00f3n de materiales y el dise\u00f1o de los equipos proporciona la respuesta m\u00e1s defendible: para un uso al 25 por ciento y m\u00e1s, todos los equipos de buceo de alta presi\u00f3n deben limpiarse para el uso de ox\u00edgeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En la pr\u00f3xima edici\u00f3n Alert Diver<\/em>, la parte 2 abordar\u00e1 los criterios para una limpieza para el uso de ox\u00edgeno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alert Diver<\/em> - Q2 2022<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LOS INCENDIOS EN EQUIPOS DE OX\u00cdGENO COMPRIMIDO son poco frecuentes, aunque o\u00edmos historias sobre accidentes que ponen en riesgo la vida \u2014fuego en un rebreather, un accidente con un regulador de ox\u00edgeno para emergencias o un incendio en un sistema de mezcla de gases. Se plantean varias cuestiones clave...<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":22327,"template":"","dan_alert_diver_categories":[468],"dan_alert_diver_issues":[479],"class_list":["post-22240","dan_alert_diver","type-dan_alert_diver","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","dan_alert_diver_categories-risk-mitigation","dan_alert_diver_issues-q2-2022"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOxygen Cleaning of Dive Gear: A Two-Part Series - DAN World<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"FIRES IN COMPRESSED OXYGEN EQUIPMENT\u00a0are rare, even though we hear about life-threatening accidents \u2014 a rebreather fire, an emergency oxygen regulator accident, or a gas blending system fire.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/alert-diver\/article\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oxygen Cleaning of Dive Gear: A Two-Part Series\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"FIRES IN COMPRESSED OXYGEN EQUIPMENT\u00a0are rare, even though we hear about life-threatening accidents \u2014 a rebreather fire, an emergency oxygen regulator accident, or a gas blending system fire.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/alert-diver\/article\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DAN World\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-08T22:40:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/q2_11_risk_mitigation.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"FIRES IN COMPRESSED OXYGEN EQUIPMENT\u00a0are rare, even though we hear about life-threatening accidents \u2014 a rebreather fire, an emergency oxygen regulator accident, or a gas blending system fire.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oxygen Cleaning of Dive Gear: A Two-Part Series - DAN World\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/q2_11_risk_mitigation.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-15T18:15:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-08T22:40:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"FIRES IN COMPRESSED OXYGEN EQUIPMENT\u00a0are rare, even though we hear about life-threatening accidents \u2014 a rebreather fire, an emergency oxygen regulator accident, or a gas blending system fire.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es-MX\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/oxygen-cleaning-of-dive-gear-a-two-part-series\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/q2_11_risk_mitigation.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/q2_11_risk_mitigation.jpeg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"Checking scuba cylinders and threads for debris and contamination that could be a source of ignition in an oxygen enriched environment. 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