{"id":15203,"date":"2020-10-16T08:03:27","date_gmt":"2020-10-16T12:03:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress.world.dan.org\/?post_type=dan_divers_blog&p=15203"},"modified":"2025-11-11T19:11:48","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T00:11:48","slug":"avoid-the-chill","status":"publish","type":"dan_divers_blog","link":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/fr\/safety-prevention\/diver-safety\/divers-blog\/avoid-the-chill\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9vitez le froid"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les temp\u00e9ratures plus fra\u00eeches ne doivent pas forc\u00e9ment contrecarrer vos projets de plong\u00e9e du week-end, mais il peut \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaire de prendre des pr\u00e9cautions suppl\u00e9mentaires pour \u00e9viter l\u2019hypothermie. Celle-ci peut toucher tout le monde, c\u2019est pourquoi il est important d\u2019en \u00eatre conscient lorsque vous pr\u00e9parez des plong\u00e9es plus profondes, plus longues, plus nombreuses ou dans une eau plus froide que celle \u00e0 laquelle vous \u00eates habitu\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Signes et sympt\u00f4mes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

En plong\u00e9e, il est essentiel de savoir \u00e0 quoi s\u2019attendre \u2014 c\u2019est ce qui permet de bien planifier. Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019hypothermie exactement ?\nElle se produit lorsque le corps perd de la chaleur plus vite qu\u2019il ne peut en produire. La temp\u00e9rature corporelle normale est d\u2019environ 37 \u00b0C (98,6 \u00b0F), et l\u2019hypothermie survient lorsque cette temp\u00e9rature descend en dessous de 35 \u00b0C (95 \u00b0F). \u00c0 mesure que le corps se refroidit, ses organes fonctionnent moins bien. Sans traitement, l\u2019hypothermie peut provoquer une d\u00e9faillance cardiaque et respiratoire, voire la mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les sympt\u00f4mes courants de l\u2019hypothermie comprennent un pouls faible, de la confusion, une respiration lente, des frissons et m\u00eame une perte de conscience. Les cas peuvent varier de l\u00e9gers \u00e0 graves. Une personne l\u00e9g\u00e8rement hypothermique peut frissonner tout en restant lucide ; dans ce cas, retirez les v\u00eatements mouill\u00e9s et remplacez-les par des v\u00eatements secs et isolants, avec une couche ext\u00e9rieure coupe-vent.\nUne personne gravement hypothermique peut \u00eatre inconsciente et avoir un rythme cardiaque tr\u00e8s faible. V\u00e9rifiez les signes de vie et la respiration ; si vous \u00eates certain qu\u2019elle n\u2019a ni pouls ni respiration, commencez la RCP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019hypothermie n\u2019est pas limit\u00e9e aux eaux froides ; elle peut aussi survenir sous les tropiques. Si vous portez simplement un maillot ou une combinaison fine et restez longtemps dans l\u2019eau, votre temp\u00e9rature corporelle commencera \u00e0 chuter. Que vous plongiez dans une eau froide ou tropicale, la meilleure fa\u00e7on de g\u00e9rer l\u2019hypothermie est de la pr\u00e9voir et de la pr\u00e9venir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e9vention<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Un bon \u00e9quipement aide \u00e0 se prot\u00e9ger contre l\u2019hypothermie, mais avant m\u00eame de penser au mat\u00e9riel, il faut une bonne planification. Avant votre sortie, tenez compte de la temp\u00e9rature de l\u2019air, de l\u2019eau, de la profondeur, de la dur\u00e9e de la plong\u00e9e et de la pr\u00e9sence possible de thermoclines. Tous ces facteurs influencent votre exposition au froid pendant la plong\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0 la sortie de l\u2019eau, pr\u00e9voyez des v\u00eatements et des serviettes secs. Les boissons chaudes \u2014 \u00e9vitez celles contenant de l\u2019alcool \u2014 et les collations aideront \u00e0 reconstituer les calories perdues.\nSurveillez toutefois toute personne pr\u00e9sentant des signes d\u2019hypothermie : un plongeur en phase de r\u00e9chauffement peut subir un afterdrop, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire une baisse continue de la temp\u00e9rature interne, due \u00e0 la recirculation du sang froid des extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s vers le centre du corps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En plus du bon \u00e9quipement et d\u2019un plan adapt\u00e9, assurez-vous que votre formation et votre exp\u00e9rience correspondent bien au site de plong\u00e9e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consid\u00e9rations sur l\u2019\u00e9quipement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Les plong\u00e9es en eau froide n\u00e9cessitent parfois un \u00e9quipement diff\u00e9rent. \u00c9valuez votre mat\u00e9riel actuel et le site pr\u00e9vu : est-il suffisant ou un \u00e9quipement suppl\u00e9mentaire est-il n\u00e9cessaire ?\nUne combinaison \u00e9tanche peut faciliter les plong\u00e9es d\u2019automne et d\u2019hiver, mais elle requiert un entra\u00eenement sp\u00e9cifique. Selon la r\u00e9gion, une combinaison humide (wetsuit) peut constituer une option plus polyvalente toute l\u2019ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fabriqu\u00e9es en n\u00e9opr\u00e8ne, les combinaisons humides maintiennent la chaleur gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une couche isolante contenant de minuscules bulles d\u2019air. Plus la combinaison est \u00e9paisse, plus elle est chaude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En eau froide, des accessoires comme la cagoule et les gants deviennent indispensables.\nLes cagoules peuvent se tirer par-dessus la t\u00eate et \u00e9pouser le cou, ou simplement comporter une sangle sous le menton. Choisissez celle qui convient le mieux \u00e0 votre environnement de plong\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les gants en n\u00e9opr\u00e8ne garderont vos mains au chaud ; v\u00e9rifiez la qualit\u00e9 des coutures, la pr\u00e9sence de grips sur les paumes et la bonne taille. Comme les combinaisons, les cagoules et les gants sont offerts en diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9paisseurs, alors prenez le temps de comparer les options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u2019oubliez pas que modifier votre \u00e9quipement peut modifier votre flottabilit\u00e9. Le n\u00e9opr\u00e8ne est tr\u00e8s flottant ; ainsi, plus la combinaison est \u00e9paisse, plus elle aura tendance \u00e0 remonter \u00e0 la surface. Compensez cela correctement avec la quantit\u00e9 de lest appropri\u00e9e. Effectuez un test de lestage pour confirmer que vous \u00eates correctement \u00e9quilibr\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si possible, commencez par quelques plong\u00e9es faciles et peu profondes lorsque vous utilisez un nouvel \u00e9quipement. Les accidents peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9s en vous familiarisant avec tout votre mat\u00e9riel. Pendant cet apprentissage, pratiquez \u00e9galement quelques comp\u00e9tences de base de plong\u00e9e, comme le vidage de masque ou la gestion d\u2019un d\u00e9tendeur en d\u00e9bit libre, afin d\u2019\u00eatre \u00e0 l\u2019aise pour les ex\u00e9cuter dans l\u2019eau froide. L\u2019environnement est tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rent, surtout lorsque cette eau froide frappe votre visage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le bon \u00e9quipement r\u00e9duira certainement le risque d\u2019hypothermie, mais la perte de chaleur se produira tout de m\u00eame. Soyez attentif \u00e0 votre plong\u00e9e et \u00e0 sa dur\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plongez intelligemment<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019une des principales raisons de plonger dans une eau plus froide est la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019observer une faune marine nouvelle pour vous et de d\u00e9couvrir un environnement diff\u00e9rent. Mais, comme pour toute plong\u00e9e, il est essentiel de planifier en cons\u00e9quence. Si vous souhaitez explorer de nouveaux environnements et relever de nouveaux d\u00e9fis, procurez-vous l\u2019\u00e9quipement n\u00e9cessaire, assurez-vous que votre assurance plong\u00e9e est \u00e0 jour et profitez d\u2019un voyage de plong\u00e9e en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9.  <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hypothermia can affect anyone, so it\u2019s something to be mindful of as you prepare for deeper dives, longer dives, more dives or dives in water colder than you\u2019re used to.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":15143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","dan_divers_blog_categories":[],"dan_divers_blog_tags":[],"class_list":["post-15203","dan_divers_blog","type-dan_divers_blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAvoid the Chill - DAN World<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hypothermia can affect anyone, so be mindful of as you prepare for dives in water colder than you\u2019re used to. 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