{"id":698,"date":"2020-06-01T21:13:13","date_gmt":"2020-06-02T01:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dan.devhammer.com\/?post_type=dan_health_resources&#038;p=698"},"modified":"2021-03-19T11:26:13","modified_gmt":"2021-03-19T15:26:13","slug":"how-to-equalize","status":"publish","type":"dan_health_resources","link":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/fr\/health-medicine\/health-resource\/smart-guides\/beat-the-squeeze-equalize-like-a-pro\/how-to-equalize\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment \u00e9galiser"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Toutes les m\u00e9thodes d'\u00e9galisation des oreilles sont simplement des moyens d'ouvrir les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s inf\u00e9rieures des trompes d'Eustache pour permettre \u00e0 l'air d'y p\u00e9n\u00e9trer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">VALSALVA MANEUVER | Pincez votre nez et soufflez doucement <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C'est la m\u00e9thode que la plupart des plongeurs apprennent : Pincez vos narines (ou fermez-les contre la jupe de votre masque) et expirez par le nez. La surpression qui en r\u00e9sulte dans la gorge pousse g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement l'air dans les trompes d'Eustache.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"290\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/ear-diagram-superior-canal-oval-window-round-window.jpg\" alt=\"Sch\u00e9ma du canal sup\u00e9rieur, de la fen\u00eatre ovale et de la fen\u00eatre ronde de l&#039;oreille\" class=\"wp-image-2767\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/ear-diagram-superior-canal-oval-window-round-window.jpg 290w, https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/ear-diagram-superior-canal-oval-window-round-window-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais la man\u0153uvre de Valsalva pr\u00e9sente trois probl\u00e8mes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Il n'active pas les muscles qui ouvrent les trompes d'Eustache, et peut donc s'av\u00e9rer inefficace si les trompes sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 bloqu\u00e9es par un diff\u00e9rentiel de pression.<\/li><li>It\u2019s too easy to blow hard enough to cause injury. <\/li><li>Blowing against a blocked nose raises your internal fluid pressure, including the fluid pressure in your inner ear, which may rupture your round windows. Don\u2019t blow too hard, and don\u2019t maintain pressure for more than five seconds.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Swallowing \u2014 and various methods of equalizing \u2014 are all ways of opening the normally closed Eustachian tubes, reducing the pressure differential between the outer ear and inner ear. The safest equalizing methods utilize the muscles of the throat to open the tubes. Unfortunately, the Valsalva maneuver that most divers are taught does not activate these muscles, but forces air from the throat into the Eustachian tubes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s fine as long as the diver keeps the tubes open ahead of the ambient pressure changes. However, if a diver does not equalize early or often enough, the pressure differential can force the soft tissues together, closing the ends of the tubes. Forcing air against these soft tissues just locks them shut. No air gets to the middle ears, which do not equalize, so barotrauma may result. Even worse, blowing too hard during a Valsalva maneuver can rupture the round or oval windows of the inner ear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D'autres m\u00e9thodes, parfois plus s\u00fbres, existent :<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PASSIF | <strong>Aucun effort n'est n\u00e9cessaire<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Se produit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pendant l'ascension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OUVERTURE VOLONTAIRE DES TROMPES&nbsp;<strong>Tendez la gorge et poussez la m\u00e2choire vers l'avant.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tendez les muscles du palais mou et de la gorge tout en poussant la m\u00e2choire vers l'avant et vers le bas, comme si vous commenciez \u00e0 b\u00e2iller. Ces muscles tirent les trompes d'Eustache vers le haut. Cela demande beaucoup d'entra\u00eenement, mais certains plongeurs peuvent apprendre \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler ces muscles et \u00e0 maintenir leurs trompes ouvertes pour une \u00e9galisation continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MAN\u0152UVRE DE TOYNBEE <strong>Pincez votre nez et avalez<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lorsque vos narines sont pinc\u00e9es ou bloqu\u00e9es contre la jupe de votre masque, d\u00e9glutissez. La d\u00e9glutition ouvre les trompes d'Eustache tandis que le mouvement de la langue, nez ferm\u00e9, comprime l'air contre elles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FRENZEL MANEUVER | <strong>Pinch Your Nose and Make the Sound of the Letter \u201cK\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Close your nostrils, and close the back of your throat as if straining to lift a weight. Then make the sound of the letter \u201cK.\u201d This forces the back of your tongue upward, compressing air against the openings of your Eustachian tubes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TECHNIQUE DE LOWRY | <strong>Pincez votre nez, soufflez doucement et avalez.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Une combinaison de Valsalva et de Toynbee : en fermant les narines, expirez et avalez en m\u00eame temps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TECHNIQUE D'EDMONDS | <strong>Pincez votre nez, soufflez doucement et poussez votre m\u00e2choire vers l'avant.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tout en tendant le palais mou (le tissu mou \u00e0 l'arri\u00e8re du palais) et les muscles de la gorge et en poussant la m\u00e2choire vers l'avant et vers le bas, effectuez une man\u0153uvre de Valsalva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C'est en pratiquant qu'on devient parfait<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Les plongeurs qui \u00e9prouvent des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 s'\u00e9quilibrer peuvent trouver utile de ma\u00eetriser plusieurs techniques. La plupart d'entre elles sont difficiles \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre tant qu'elles n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es, mais il s'agit d'une technique de plong\u00e9e que vous pouvez pratiquer n'importe o\u00f9. Essayez de vous entra\u00eener devant un miroir afin d'observer les muscles de votre gorge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>Suivant : <a href=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/fr\/health-medicine\/health-resource\/smart-guides\/beat-the-squeeze-equalize-like-a-pro\/when-to-equalize\/\">Quand \u00e9galiser &gt;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>All methods for equalizing your ears are simply ways to open the lower ends of your Eustachian tubes so air can enter. VALSALVA MANEUVER | Pinch Your Nose and Gently [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":691,"menu_order":55,"template":"","dan_health_resource_types":[57],"class_list":["post-698","dan_health_resources","type-dan_health_resources","status-publish","hentry","dan_health_resource_types-smart-guides"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Equalize - DAN World<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/fr\/health-medicine\/health-resource\/smart-guides\/beat-the-squeeze-equalize-like-a-pro\/how-to-equalize\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Equalize\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"All methods for equalizing your ears are simply ways to open the lower ends of your Eustachian tubes so air can enter. 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