{"id":22984,"date":"2022-08-29T17:33:58","date_gmt":"2022-08-29T21:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/?post_type=dan_alert_diver&p=22984"},"modified":"2023-01-31T11:46:14","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T16:46:14","slug":"when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself","status":"publish","type":"dan_alert_diver","link":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/","title":{"rendered":"Ketika Sejarah Seolah Terulang Kembali"},"content":{"rendered":"

PADA TAHUN 1983-84, TERUMBU KARANG DI SELURUH KARIBIA, FLORIDA, DAN BERMUDA<\/strong> <\/span>mengalami salah satu kematian massal terbesar dari spesies laut yang pernah tercatat ketika patogen yang ditularkan melalui air yang tidak diketahui membunuh lebih dari 98 persen Diadema<\/em> populasi bulu babi.1<\/sup> Pada bulan Februari tahun ini, para penyelam di St. Diadema<\/em> tiba-tiba tidak lagi menempel pada substrat, mulai kehilangan duri, dan mati dalam waktu sekitar satu hari setelah pengamatan ini. Sejak saat itu, para penyelam telah melihat Diadema<\/em> bulu babi mengalami nasib yang sama di tempat lain di Karibia. Apakah sejarah terulang kembali, dan adakah yang bisa kita lakukan?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n

MENGAPA KAMI PEDULI
TENTANG LANDAK?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meskipun para penyelam mungkin tidak akan mengeluarkan kamera mereka untuk mencari bulu babi, bulu babi yang satu ini sangat penting untuk membantu menjaga keseimbangan ekologi antara ganggang dan karang. Mudah dikenali dari duri-durinya yang panjang relatif terhadap tubuhnya, Diadema antillarum, <\/em>juga dikenal sebagai landak laut bertulang panjang, adalah herbivora terumbu karang utama Karibia yang memakan banyak ganggang yang bersaing untuk mendapatkan tempat dengan karang di terumbu. Dengan peningkatan tutupan alga yang diharapkan mengikuti arus Diadema <\/em>mortality event, a corresponding decrease in \u201cbare\u201d limestone and crustose coralline algae \u2014 necessary substrates for coral larvae to settle and survive \u2014 is anticipated.2<\/sup> Tahun 1980-an Diadema<\/em> Hilangnya karang membantu menyebabkan pergeseran dominasi ekosistem dari karang berbatu menjadi ganggang yang terjadi di banyak terumbu Karibia dan Florida.3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diadema<\/em> Pemulihan selama empat dekade terakhir sangat bervariasi di seluruh wilayah. Di daerah-daerah di mana Diadema<\/em> population has increased, a decrease in macroalgae and an increase in coral cover further reinforce this herbivore\u2019s importance in nature.4<\/sup> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

As marine biologist Judith Lang, PhD, of the Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment Program stated, \u201cA population of healthy Diadema<\/em> is crucial, but not in itself sufficient, to compensate for the warming temperatures, ocean acidification, overfishing, and coral diseases that collectively endanger these reefs.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA YANG TERJADI SEKARANG?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pada bulan Maret, ada laporan tambahan tentang kematian massal. Pada saat ini (awal Juli) bagian timur dan sebagian besar Karibia utara telah terkena dampaknya, dan ada beberapa laporan tentang bulu babi yang sakit atau sekarat di Florida Keys bagian utara dan terumbu karang Teluk Biscayne juga.5<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alwin Hylkema menggambarkan gejala-gejala tersebut secara rinci selama presentasi pada tanggal 5 April 2022, di Aliansi Alam Karibia Belanda Diadema<\/em> Lokakarya Restorasi di Saba. Bulu babi kehilangan kendali atas kaki tabungnya dan terlepas dari substrat atau keluar dari celah-celahnya untuk mendarat di dasar laut. Kemudian duri-duri tersebut bergerak perlahan dan bahkan terkulai sebelum mulai jatuh, dan bulu babi sering kali memiliki tumpukan duri yang tergeletak di tanah di sebelahnya. Dalam waktu dua hari setelah pengamatan awal bulu babi yang sakit, bulu babi tersebut akan mati. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hylkema lebih lanjut menjelaskan bahwa apa pun yang memengaruhi bulu babi di Karibia ditularkan melalui air karena bulu babi di laboratoriumnya terinfeksi ketika ia menggunakan air laut setempat di tangki mereka. Larva tidak terpengaruh; namun, agen penyebab dengan cepat menyebar melalui populasi orang dewasa. Di satu lokasi di Saba, ada 95 persen kematian dalam waktu tiga minggu. Pengamatan ini sesuai dengan apa yang terjadi pada tahun 1983-1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are some notable differences from the 1980s infection event. Lang explained that the die-off in the 1980s had traveled via known ocean currents and countercurrents from where it was first observed in Panama, taking 13 months to get through the Caribbean and Florida to Bermuda. About the spread in spring 2022, Lang said, \u201cAlthough it has since slowed down, the speed at which different areas\u00a0 became infected in March and April, and their seemingly random geographic distribution, are completely different from what happened in the 80s.\u201d Hylkema suggested that ballast or bilge water might have helped spread the disease from island to island. Simon Walsh, a dive shop owner in Dominica, explained it was notably odd that the urchins in both the northern and southern ends of the island were experiencing the mortality event at the same time.6<\/sup> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Walsh initially thought he was seeing \u201ccomplete devastation\u201d when urchins started dying in March, and populations across his dive sites succumbed over the following months. By May, he started seeing more small, juvenile urchins, particularly in shallow waters, giving hope that this mass mortality event won\u2019t lead to the same consequences we had before. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA YANG SEDANG DILAKUKAN?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peristiwa kematian yang awalnya dilaporkan pada bulan Februari memicu tanggap darurat segera di Kepulauan Virgin AS dan Puerto Riko. Setelah kasus ini tersebar luas, para ilmuwan, toko selam, lembaga pemerintah, universitas, dan penyelam rekreasi di seluruh Karibia dan Florida dengan cepat bekerja sama untuk mendapatkan informasi sebanyak mungkin. Pada akhir Maret, upaya kolaboratif di seluruh kawasan yang disebut Jaringan Respons Diadema telah terbentuk (agrra.org\/landak-laut-mati\/<\/a><\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para ilmuwan saat ini sedang bekerja untuk menentukan penyebab kematian untuk peristiwa kematian ini dengan memeriksa sampel jaringan yang sehat atau sakit Diadema<\/em> dalam koleksi dari Grenada hingga Florida dan Meksiko yang dikontribusikan oleh berbagai kelompok manajer, ahli biologi, ahli lingkungan, mahasiswa, atau sukarelawan lainnya. Upaya lokal lainnya termasuk poster-poster penjangkauan, penawaran pendidikan dalam bahasa-bahasa utama di Karibia, dan webinar dwibahasa dengan fokus regional pada bulan Mei, di mana Stacey Williams dari Institute for Socio-Ecological Research mempresentasikan berbagai Diadema <\/em>strategi restorasi. Bill Sharp dari Komisi Konservasi Ikan dan Satwa Liar Florida menjelaskan bahwa meskipun telah ada beberapa pengamatan yang dikonfirmasi terhadap bulu babi dengan gejala seperti yang terjadi di Karibia, mereka sedang menunggu hasil analisis histologis sebelum menarik kesimpulan tentang penyebab kematian. Sementara itu, tim Florida terus memantau Diadema<\/em> populasi di seluruh jalur terumbu karang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA YANG BISA DILAKUKAN UNTUK REKREASI<\/strong>
PENYELAM LAKUKAN UNTUK MEMBANTU?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tim Tanggap Diadema mengembangkan sebuah situs web di mana setiap orang dapat melaporkan pengamatan terhadap orang yang meninggal, sakit, atau hidup Diadema<\/em>bersama dengan lokasi, detail lokasi penyelaman, dan foto. Anda dapat melaporkan pengamatan di survey123.arcgis.com\/share\/7879b018f20f4602ad82c24c4e0d1e98<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since the causative agent for the mortality event is likely waterborne, be aware that pathogens can survive on dive gear. You should decontaminate your gear from one site to the next or rent gear locally if possible. As there are still so many unknowns, it is best to assume that whatever is killing the urchins can spread through contact \u2014 be mindful of buoyancy and don\u2019t touch the urchins. But if you see one, please pause to marvel about the importance of its role in nature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teruslah menyelam dan dukung terumbu karang dan toko-toko selam di Karibia dan Florida. Banyak toko yang secara aktif terlibat dalam kegiatan berbasis konservasi seperti restorasi karang, merawat karang yang terinfeksi penyakit kehilangan jaringan karang berbatu, memantau Diadema<\/em> dan bermitra dengan lembaga pemerintah, universitas, dan organisasi lain dalam berbagai proyek penelitian. Dengan mendukung toko selam, Anda secara tidak langsung membantu upaya konservasi terumbu karang yang sangat dibutuhkan. AD<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daftar Pustaka<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Lessios HA. Yang hebat Diadema<\/em> Kematian antillarum: 30 tahun kemudian. Tinjauan Tahunan Ilmu Kelautan<\/em> 2016; 8:267\u2013283.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Hylkema A, Debrot AO, Pistor M, Postma E, Williams SM, Kitson-Walters K. Penyelesaian puncak yang tinggi dari Diadema<\/em> antillarum<\/em> pada kolektor buatan yang berbeda di Karibia Timur. Jurnal Eksperimental Biologi dan Ekologi Laut<\/em> 2022; 549:159693.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Jackson\u00a0JBC, Donovan MK, Cramer KL, Lam VV, eds. Status and Trends of Caribbean Coral Reefs: 1970\u20132012. IUCN Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network,\u00a0Gland, Switzerland; 2014:304. doi:10.13140\/2.1.4868.6726<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Idjadi JA, Haring RN, Precht WF. Pemulihan bulu babi Diadema<\/em> antillarum<\/em> mendorong pertumbuhan karang scleractinian dan kelangsungan hidup di terumbu Jamaika yang dangkal. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.,<\/em> 2010; 403:91-100.
    Mudge L, Alves C, Figueroa-Zavala B, Bruno J. Penilaian populasi karang elkhorn dan herbivora terkait di Akumal, Meksiko. Depan. Mar. Sci.,<\/em> 2019; 12.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Lang J. Melacak Kesehatan Diadema. Jaringan Respons Diadema. www.agrra.org\/sea-urchin-die-off\/.<\/em> Diakses pada 25 Juni 2022.
    William Sharp, wawancara oleh Sarah Egner, 18 Juni 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Simon Walsh, wawancara oleh Sarah Egner, 13 Juni 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"Bulu<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"juga<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kedua foto berasal dari Karibia - di sebelah kiri dari St Lucia dan di sebelah kanan dari Dominika. Khususnya, dasar laut yang mengelilingi bulu babi hampir tidak memiliki ganggang. Bulu babi Diadema<\/em> memakan ganggang dan meningkatkan kesehatan terumbu karang. Setelah kepunahannya pada tahun 1980-an, ganggang mulai mengambil alih terumbu karang.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \u2026<\/span><\/em>
    bulu babi ini sangat penting untuk membantu menjaga keseimbangan ekologi antara ganggang dan karang.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    \u00a9 Alert Diver<\/em> \u2014 Q3 2022<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the Diadema sea urchin population.1 In February of this year, divers in St. Thomas noticed many of the Diadema were suddenly no [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":22980,"template":"","dan_alert_diver_categories":[66],"dan_alert_diver_issues":[481],"class_list":["post-22984","dan_alert_diver","type-dan_alert_diver","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","dan_alert_diver_categories-dive-slate","dan_alert_diver_issues-q3-2022"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhen History Seemingly Repeats Itself - DAN World<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"When History Seemingly Repeats Itself\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DAN World\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-31T16:46:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/\",\"name\":\"When History Seemingly Repeats Itself - DAN World\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-29T21:33:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-01-31T16:46:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"id-ID\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id-ID\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg\",\"width\":600,\"height\":400,\"caption\":\"Dominica, on assignment for Alert Diver Magazine, diving with Buddy Dive Dominica and staying at Fort Young Resort, February 15-18, 2017\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"When History Seemingly Repeats Itself\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/\",\"name\":\"DAN World\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"id-ID\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"DAN World\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"id-ID\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/DAN-World-logo-sm-52px.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/DAN-World-logo-sm-52px.svg\",\"width\":175,\"height\":52,\"caption\":\"DAN World\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ketika Sejarah Seolah Terulang Kembali - DAN World","description":"PADA tahun 1983-1984, terumbu karang di seluruh Karibia, Florida, dan Maluku mengalami salah satu kematian massal terbesar dari spesies laut yang pernah tercatat, ketika patogen yang ditularkan melalui air yang tidak diketahui membunuh lebih dari 98 persen populasi bulu babi Diadema.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/","og_locale":"id_ID","og_type":"article","og_title":"When History Seemingly Repeats Itself","og_description":"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.","og_url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/","og_site_name":"DAN World","article_modified_time":"2023-01-31T16:46:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":400,"url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_description":"IN 1983-84, REEFS THROUGHOUT THE CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA, AND BERMUDA\u00a0experienced one of the greatest mass mortalities of a marine species ever recorded when an unknown waterborne pathogen killed more than 98 percent of the\u00a0Diadema\u00a0sea urchin population.","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/","url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/","name":"Ketika Sejarah Seolah Terulang Kembali - DAN World","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg","datePublished":"2022-08-29T21:33:58+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-31T16:46:14+00:00","description":"PADA tahun 1983-1984, terumbu karang di seluruh Karibia, Florida, dan Maluku mengalami salah satu kematian massal terbesar dari spesies laut yang pernah tercatat, ketika patogen yang ditularkan melalui air yang tidak diketahui membunuh lebih dari 98 persen populasi bulu babi Diadema.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"id-ID","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id-ID","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/q3_112_seaurchinloss-600.jpeg","width":600,"height":400,"caption":"Dominica, on assignment for Alert Diver Magazine, diving with Buddy Dive Dominica and staying at Fort Young Resort, February 15-18, 2017"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/alert-diver\/article\/when-history-seemingly-repeats-itself\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"When History Seemingly Repeats Itself"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/","name":"DAN World","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"id-ID"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#organization","name":"DAN World","url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"id-ID","@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/DAN-World-logo-sm-52px.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/DAN-World-logo-sm-52px.svg","width":175,"height":52,"caption":"DAN World"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dan_alert_diver\/22984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dan_alert_diver"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/dan_alert_diver"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"dan_alert_diver_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dan_alert_diver_categories?post=22984"},{"taxonomy":"dan_alert_diver_issues","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dan_alert_diver_issues?post=22984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}