{"id":3768,"date":"2017-05-01T16:19:00","date_gmt":"2017-05-01T20:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.world.dan.org\/?post_type=dan_alert_diver&p=3768"},"modified":"2023-08-25T14:22:11","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T18:22:11","slug":"carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer","status":"publish","type":"dan_alert_diver","link":"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer\/","title":{"rendered":"Karbon Monoksida: Pembunuh Senyap"},"content":{"rendered":"

Manajemen risiko di dunia bawah laut adalah sesuatu yang paradoks: Kami ingin membuat penyelaman kami bebas dari kecelakaan dan insiden, tetapi risiko melekat pada petualangan di bawah air.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA), a program based on general safety principles and adapted to suit the situations to which it\u2019s applied, is a tool that can empower dive businesses and professionals to assess, acknowledge and then address their approaches to their risks.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Melalui kolom baru ini, kami bermaksud untuk menyediakan artikel-artikel yang berguna bagi para profesional penyelam dan penyelam tentang risiko-risiko yang dihadapi oleh para operator selam serta cara-cara yang praktis, realistis, dan terjangkau untuk mengatasinya. Kami mulai dengan pembahasan tentang mencegah keracunan karbon-monoksida.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karbon monoksida (CO), gas beracun yang tidak berbau, tidak berasa, dan tidak terlihat yang dapat masuk ke dalam tabung selam Anda, telah menyebabkan kematian penyelam di seluruh dunia.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Our natural environment should contain less than 0.1 parts per million (ppm) of CO. Occupied areas with potential sources of CO, per the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, may not expose people to more than 9 ppm during an eight-hour period. A short-term exposure of up to 35 ppm within an hour \u2014 no more than once a year \u2014 is deemed safe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scuba divers are faced with a complicating factor: the surface equivalent value (SEV), which means we need to compute our CO exposure based on the depths to which we dive. In a dive on air to 130 feet, with the compressed air having been drawn from the compressor\u2019s surrounding environment, a value of 5 ppm (usually quoted as the safe limit) would have roughly the same effect as 25 ppm at the surface. Thus, divers who do multiple dives per year could exceed the accepted safe limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CO dihasilkan dengan beberapa cara. Pembakaran tidak sempurna bahan bakar apa pun (gas, diesel, minyak tanah, dan hidrokarbon lainnya) biasanya muncul di urutan teratas dan paling sering dikutip sebagai sumbernya. Usaha penyelaman, terutama yang berada di daerah terpencil, mungkin memiliki sejumlah kendaraan bermotor, kapal, dan kompresor atau generator bertenaga gas atau diesel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Namun, CO juga dapat berasal dari sumber lain; operator stasiun pengisian silinder juga harus mempertimbangkan hal-hal berikut di lingkungan mereka:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • tungku, ketel uap, pemanas ruangan dengan bahan bakar kayu, pemanas air, pengering, dan kompor<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • sampah, rumput atau kebakaran hutan<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • lemari es bertenaga gas<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • lampu minyak atau minyak tanah<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pemanggang arang\/pemanggang<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • minyak nabati yang digunakan untuk memasak dan menyiapkan makanan<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • rokok dan terutama cerutu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • penghilang cat, pereduksi oksida logam dan pelarut organik lainnya serta perekat kontak yang tidak mudah terbakar yang mengandung metilen klorida (CH2<\/sub>Cl22<\/sub>) (hati memetabolisme senyawa ini untuk menghasilkan CO)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pengelasan, khususnya ketika karbon dioksida (CO2<\/sub>) digunakan sebagai gas pelindung (CO2<\/sub>terurai membentuk CO selama proses pengelasan).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • sumber bahan bakar biomassa atau tempat pembuangan sampah yang mengandung vegetasi, sampah organik, kayu atau mikroorganisme tanah<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • cairan pembersih<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • bahan kimia, agen reaksi dan sintesis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Banyak dari sumber-sumber ini tidak mudah terlihat, dan semuanya dapat ditemukan di dekat stasiun pengisian udara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pemilik dan operator stasiun pengisian tabung, harap perhatikan, dan pastikan untuk melakukan penilaian risiko menyeluruh terhadap lingkungan Anda sebelum Anda memutuskan di mana akan menempatkan kompresor Anda. Kesadaran yang terus menerus akan risiko yang muncul setelah penempatan awal juga sama pentingnya. Mengetahui apa yang harus dicari akan mempermudah pengelolaan risiko ini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a9 Alert Diver<\/em> \u2014 Q2 Spring 2017<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Karbon monoksida (CO), gas beracun yang tidak berbau, tidak berasa, dan tidak terlihat yang dapat masuk ke dalam tabung selam Anda, telah menyebabkan kematian penyelam di seluruh dunia.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":8640,"template":"","dan_alert_diver_categories":[90],"dan_alert_diver_issues":[418],"class_list":["post-3768","dan_alert_diver","type-dan_alert_diver","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","dan_alert_diver_categories-dan-mission","dan_alert_diver_issues-q2-2017"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCarbon Monoxide: The Silent Killer - DAN World<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Carbon monoxide (CO), an odorless, tasteless and invisible toxic gas has caused the deaths of divers all around the world.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Carbon Monoxide: The Silent Killer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Carbon monoxide (CO), an odorless, tasteless and invisible toxic gas has caused the deaths of divers all around the world.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/id\/alert-diver\/article\/carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DAN World\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-25T18:22:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.dan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/carbon-monoxide-169403816-DAN-1200x800-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.dan.org\\\/alert-diver\\\/article\\\/carbon-monoxide-the-silent-killer\\\/\",\"name\":\"Carbon Monoxide: The Silent Killer - 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